Typhoid | Symptoms of typhoid
Typhoid :-
Annually, in the United States, there are roughly 6,000 cases of typhoid. Around 75 percent of these are contracted while traveling abroad.
If typhoid is caught early, it can be successfully treated with antibiotics; if it is not treated, typhoid can be fatal.
In the developing world, however, typhoid is a much more common risk. Globally, in 2010, there were 26.9 million reported cases and around 200,000 reported deaths from typhoid.
Fast facts on typhoid :-
Here are some key points about typhoid. More detail and supporting information is in the main article:-
If untreated, typhoid kills around 25 percent of infected individuals
Some people are capable of carrying the bacteria without developing typhoid symptoms
Typhoid fevers regularly reach 104 degrees Fahrenheit
The vast majority of typhoid cases in America are contracted overseas.
What is typhoid?
Typhoid is an infection caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium. The bacterium lives in the intestines and bloodstream of humans. It is spread between individuals by direct contact with the feces of an infected person.
No animals carry this disease, so transmission is always human to human.
If untreated, around 1 in 4 cases of typhoid end in death. If treatment is given, less than 4 in 100 cases are fatal.
S. typhi enters through the mouth and spends 1-3 weeks in the intestine. After this time, it makes its way through the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream.
From the bloodstream, it spreads into other tissues and organs. The immune system of the host can do little to fight back because S. typhi can live within the host's cells, safe from the immune system.
Typhoid is diagnosed by detecting the presence of S. typhi via blood, stool, urine, or bone marrow sample.
Symptoms of typhoid:-
Symptoms normally begin 6-30 days after exposure to the bacteria. The two major symptoms of typhoid are fever and rash. Typhoid fever is particularly high, gradually increasing over several days up to 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
The rash, which does not affect every patient, consists of rose-colored spots, particularly on the neck and abdomen.
Other symptoms can include weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, and headaches; rarely, symptoms might include confusion, diarrhea, and vomiting (but not normally severe).
In serious, untreated cases, the bowel can become perforated; this can lead to peritonitis (an infection of the tissue that lines the inside of the abdomen), which can be very serious indeed.5
Note: paratyphoid has similar symptoms to typhoid but is caused by Salmonella enterica. Both conditions are of similar severity.
People traveling in Africa, South America, and Asia (India in particular) should be vigilant.
Typhoid is spread by contact and ingestion of infected human feces. This can happen through an infected water source or when handling food.
The following are some general rules to follow when traveling to help minimize the chance of typhoid infection:
Drink bottled water (preferably carbonated)
If bottled water cannot be sourced, ensure water is heated on a rolling boil for at least one minute before consuming
Be wary of eating anything that has been handled by someone else
Avoid eating at street food stands, and only eat food that is still piping hot
Do not have ice in drinks
Avoid raw fruit and vegetables and peel fruit yourself (do not eat the peel).
$##----Typhoid is an infection caused by Salmonella typhimurium bacteria that is spread from human to human.
If typhoid is caught early, it can be successfully treated with antibiotics; if it is not treated, typhoid can be fatal.
In the developing world, however, typhoid is a much more common risk. Globally, in 2010, there were 26.9 million reported cases and around 200,000 reported deaths from typhoid.
Fast facts on typhoid :-
Here are some key points about typhoid. More detail and supporting information is in the main article:-
If untreated, typhoid kills around 25 percent of infected individuals
Some people are capable of carrying the bacteria without developing typhoid symptoms
Typhoid fevers regularly reach 104 degrees Fahrenheit
The vast majority of typhoid cases in America are contracted overseas.
What is typhoid?
Typhoid is an infection caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium. The bacterium lives in the intestines and bloodstream of humans. It is spread between individuals by direct contact with the feces of an infected person.
No animals carry this disease, so transmission is always human to human.
If untreated, around 1 in 4 cases of typhoid end in death. If treatment is given, less than 4 in 100 cases are fatal.
S. typhi enters through the mouth and spends 1-3 weeks in the intestine. After this time, it makes its way through the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream.
From the bloodstream, it spreads into other tissues and organs. The immune system of the host can do little to fight back because S. typhi can live within the host's cells, safe from the immune system.
Typhoid is diagnosed by detecting the presence of S. typhi via blood, stool, urine, or bone marrow sample.
Symptoms of typhoid:-
Symptoms normally begin 6-30 days after exposure to the bacteria. The two major symptoms of typhoid are fever and rash. Typhoid fever is particularly high, gradually increasing over several days up to 104 degrees Fahrenheit.
The rash, which does not affect every patient, consists of rose-colored spots, particularly on the neck and abdomen.
Other symptoms can include weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, and headaches; rarely, symptoms might include confusion, diarrhea, and vomiting (but not normally severe).
In serious, untreated cases, the bowel can become perforated; this can lead to peritonitis (an infection of the tissue that lines the inside of the abdomen), which can be very serious indeed.5
Note: paratyphoid has similar symptoms to typhoid but is caused by Salmonella enterica. Both conditions are of similar severity.
People traveling in Africa, South America, and Asia (India in particular) should be vigilant.
Typhoid is spread by contact and ingestion of infected human feces. This can happen through an infected water source or when handling food.
The following are some general rules to follow when traveling to help minimize the chance of typhoid infection:
Drink bottled water (preferably carbonated)
If bottled water cannot be sourced, ensure water is heated on a rolling boil for at least one minute before consuming
Be wary of eating anything that has been handled by someone else
Avoid eating at street food stands, and only eat food that is still piping hot
Do not have ice in drinks
Avoid raw fruit and vegetables and peel fruit yourself (do not eat the peel).
$##----Typhoid is an infection caused by Salmonella typhimurium bacteria that is spread from human to human.
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